Integration in the Global Economy as an Avenue for Growth for Colombia in a Post–COVID-19 World
In a post–COVID-19 world, international trade is an avenue for Colombia to grow, improve welfare and generate high-quality jobs. In 2020, Colombia’s gross domestic product (GDP) contracted by 6.8 percent, and the country lost 1.4 million jobs
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General equilibrium analysis of trade policy options in Colombia
In spite of the number of trade agreements signed by Colombia, the country remains relatively closed to trade. Tariffs remain high, particularly in some sectors such as agriculture, food, textiles and motor vehicles, and non-tariff measures have increased in the last years.
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Enhancing Trade Facilitation, Logistics and Connectivity: challenges and recommendations
In recent decades, trade has been recognized as a driver of economic diversification, resilience and growth, particularly for greater participation in regional and global value chains, and for business development and jobs creation.
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A Diagnostic of Trade Competitiveness in Colombia
Colombia still has much to gain from integrating into the world economy. The country has a low tradeto-GDP ratio—a measure of trade openness—compared to other countries and to what would be expected for its income level alone.
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Real Exchange Rates and Trade in Colombia
The sharp depreciation that Colombia experienced after the 2014 drop in oil prices was followed by a sharp decline in exports. Between 2013 and 2019 Colombia’s exports declined US$19 billion, or 32.6 percent of their average in 2011–13.
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Non-Tariff Measures of Colombia
NTMs are policy measures other than ordinary customs tariffs that can potentially have an economic effect on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, or prices or both (UN, 2019).
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Modern services dynamics: Global and the Colombian context
Information limitations inhibit the development of assertive policies to promote trade in services in Colombia. There are large biases in the generation of information that can only be solved by constructing more complex and robust information-generating instruments.
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Global Value Chain Participation and Upgrading: Opportunities and Challenges for Colombia
This note identifies key opportunities for and challenges to economic upgrading through global value chain (GVC) participation in Colombia and policy options to seize these opportunities.
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Foreign Direct Investment and Investment Promotion
As a growth driver for Colombia’s economy, multinational firms’ performance and impact vary considerably across sectors and across regions.
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Promoting Greater Investment Permanence and Expansion in Colombia
Competition is a critical ingredient for productivity growth. In addition, there is a positive association between productivity and export performance
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Competition, Productivity and Exports
Competition is a critical ingredient for productivity growth. In addition, there is a positive association between productivity and export performance
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Institutional arrangements and governance to support Colombia’s internationalization
A solid trade institutional set up is key to develop an effective trade policy framework, which in turn is necessary to achieve substantial gains from trade.
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Standards of quality, productivity and exports in Colombian manufacturing firms
Una estructura institucional comercial sólida es clave para desarrollar un marco de política comercial eficaz, que a su vez es necesario para lograr beneficios sustanciales del comercio.
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A note on the tariff structure of Colombia
During the last decades, Colombia has maintained stable macroeconomic conditions and has sign numerous trade agreements. Colombia has 16 trade agreements in force now, being one of the countries with more agreements in Latin America.
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New avenues for Colombia’s internationalization trade in tasks
One of the consequences of COVID-19 is the recognition that many tasks can be done from home. But anything that can done remotely, can be done from abroad.
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The Role of the Diaspora in the internationalization of the colombian economy
We studied the geography as well as the demographic and soco-economic characteristics of 1.7 million members of the global Colombian diaspora (34% of the total estimated Colombian diaspora) using census and survey data from major host countries, and 3.5 million Twitter users located around the world presumed to be of Colombian origin.
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Telemigration and Digitally Enabled Services Exports
Telemigration is simply working from home when home is abroad. Will telemigration be an important aspect of Colombia’s internationalisation in the coming years? This paper makes the case that the answer is ‘yes’.
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Enabling conditions to foster cross-border services exports from Colombia: A benchmarking approach
This chapter seeks to review the bottlenecks that restrict cross-border trade in services in Colombia. As a basis for identifying cross-cutting problems, five dimensions explored by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in its 2018 Annual Trade Report provide the analysis structure.
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Barriers to international trade in modern services, challenges, and recommendations
This chapter seeks to identify modern services barriers, and provide policy recommendations to overcome them, promoting Colombia's integration into Global Value Chains (GVC).
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Learning by trading goods in Colombia: analysis and recommendations
While there are many ways to boost growth in the medium run, a long-run boost to income growth can come from only one source - high and sustained growth in productivity, especially labor productivity.
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